Resources

r RESOURCES

FOUNDATIONAL RESOURCES

SUPPLEMENTARY RESOURCES

Maps: 

General Public:

Kids friendly resources:

INTRODUCTION

01 | REINFORCE SITE WITH INFRASTRUCTURE

02 | REINFORCE SITE WITH VEGETATION

03 | PLANT AN EDIBLE GARDEN

04 | ASSESS THE PRIORITIES FOR YOUR HOME STRUCTURAL CONDITION PRIOR TO AN EVENT

05 | BUILD A STRONG FOUNDATION

 

 

 

238

06 | BUILD STRONGER WALLS

07 | BUILD A STURDY ROOF

08 | ANCHOR, SEAL AND PROTECT OPENINGS

09 | FLOOD PROOF HOME

10 | REDUCE THERMAL HEAT TRANSFER

11 | INCREASE VENTILATION

12 | BENEFIT FROM NATURAL LIGHT

13 | CONTROL MOISTURE AND MOLD

14 | MANAGE PESTS

15 | REDUCE YOUR ENERGY USE

16 | INTEGRATE SOLAR ELECTRICITY

17 | INTEGRATE SOLAR THERMAL ENERGY

18 | INSTALL ENERGY BACKUP GENERATOR

19 | REDUCE YOUR WATER CONSUMPTION

239

20 | COLLECT AND USE RAINWATER

21 | IMPROVE YOUR SEPTIC SYSTEM

22 | PREVENT WASTEWATER BACKFLOW IN HOMES

23 | DEVELOP A HOUSEHOLD EMERGENCY PLAN

24 | CHOOSE A SPACE TO KEEP YOUR FAMILY SAFE

25 | RESPOND + BEGIN HOUSEHOLD RECOVERY

26 | ORGANIZE YOUR COMMUNITY

27 | IDENTIFY + PREPARE SAFE COMMUNITY SHELTER

240

28 | Inspiring Post-Disaster Planning for Community

ENDNOTES

INTRODUCTION

  • Annual Estimates of the Resident Population of Puerto Rico. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division and World Bank, World Development Indicators. (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.
  • Urban and Rural Population. World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division’s World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.
  • Housing Units. U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1-Year and 10 year Estimates
  • Historical Temperature Puerto Rico 1901-2015. The World Bank Group. Climate Change Knowledge Portal
  • Projected Monthly Max Temperature 2020-2100 Mean. Scenario RCP4.5 (Moderate Emissions) Model csiro_mk360. The World Bank Group. Climate Change Knowledge Portal
  • The National Climate Assessment (NCA) presents the most recent scientific findings on climate change and what they mean for people and places now and in the future. It reflects the research of over 300 experts from federal, state, and local governments, tribes and indigenous communities, national laboratories, universities, and the private sector, along with external stakeholders. Throughout this section we will be citing statistics drawn from the NCA climate models. According to the 6th IPCC report, the past three decades have been Earth’s warmest since reliable surface temperature records began in 1850, and based on NOAA data, the 2017 average global temperature across land and ocean surface areas was 0.84°C (1.51°F) above the 20th-century average of 13.9°C (57.0°F), making 2017 the third-warmest year on record behind 2016 (warmest) and 2015 (second warmest).
  • Hayhoe, Katharine. Quantifying Key Drivers of Climate Variability and Change for Puerto Rico and the Caribbean, 2013. Texas Tech University
  • Henareh A, GouldWA, Harmsen E, Terando A, QuinonesMand Collazo JA (2016) Climate change implications for tropical islands: Interpolating and interpreting statistically downscaled GCM projections for management and planning. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 55, 265–282.
  • Puerto Rico Climate Change Council (PRCCC). 2013. Puerto Rico’s State of the Climate 2010-2013: Assessing Puerto Rico’s Social-Ecological Vulnerabilities in a Changing Climate. Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program, Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. San Juan, PR. http://pr-ccc.org/download/PR%20State%20of%20the%20Climate-FINAL_ENE2015...
  • Román, G., A. Castro y E. Carreras. 2010. Generation of Land Use Maps Required for the Implementation Phase of a Spatial Decision Support System for Puerto Rico: Xplorah 2010 Land Use Map-Technical Documentation. Geographic Mapping Technologies, Corporation, San Juan, PR. 143 pp.
  • National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) https://www.nfpa.org/Public-Education/By-topic/Wildfire/Preparing-homes-...
  • Brinkman R.M., Massel S.R., Ridd P.V., Furukawa K., (1997), Surface wave attenuation in mangrove forests, Proceeding of the Combined Australasion Coastal Engineering and Ports Conference, Christchurch, 1997, pp 941-946.
  • B. Wisner, P. Blaikie, T. Cannon, I. Davis, At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability and Disasters. 2nd edition. London: Routledge, 2004.
  • Barreto, M., D. Narvaéz, L. Marti, E. Díaz, O. Santaella, N. Cabrera, T. Gladik, Z. Alvira, L. Silva, and A. Reyes, 2017: Assessment of beach morphology at Puerto Rico Island. University of Puerto Rico, Planning School, Rio Piedras, PR, 58 pp.
  • Cannon, T. (1994). Vulnerability Analysis and the Explanation of ‘Natural’ Disasters. In A. Varley (Ed.), Disasters, Development and Environment. Chichester, England; New York:J. Wiley.
  • BUENO, RAMÓN & HERZFELD, CORNELIA & A. STANTON, ELIZABETH & Ackerman, Frank. (2008). The Caribbean and climate change: The costs of inaction.
  • Masterson, J. H., Peacock, W. G., Van Zandt, S., Grover, H., Schwarz, L. F., & Cooper, J. T. (2014). Planning for community resilience: a handbook for reducing vulnerability to disasters. Washington: Island Press.
  • Massel SR, Furukawa K, Brinkman RM. Surface wave propagation in mangrove forests. Fluid Dyn Res. 1999;24:219–249.
  • Mazda Y, Magi M, Kogo M, Hong PN. Mangroves as a coastal protection from waves in the Tong King Delta, Vietnam. Mangroves and Salt Marshes. 1997;1:127–135
241
  • Annual Estimates of the Resident Population of Puerto Rico. U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division and World Bank, World Development Indicators. (1) United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision. (2) Census reports and other statistical publications from national statistical offices, (3) Eurostat: Demographic Statistics, (4) United Nations Statistical Division. Population and Vital Statistics Reprot (various years), (5) U.S. Census Bureau: International Database, and (6) Secretariat of the Pacific Community: Statistics and Demography Programme.
  • Urban and Rural Population. World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division’s World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision.
  • Housing Units. U.S. Census Bureau, 2017 American Community Survey 1-Year and 10 year Estimates
  • Historical Temperature Puerto Rico 1901-2015. The World Bank Group. Climate Change Knowledge Portal
  • Projected Monthly Max Temperature 2020-2100 Mean. Scenario RCP4.5 (Moderate Emissions) Model csiro_mk360. The World Bank Group. Climate Change Knowledge Portal
  • Notas Finales para Historia de Eventos Seccion:
    1. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. Significant Earthquakes.
    2. Coffman, J.L. and C.A. von Hake. Earthquake History of the United States, Pub. 41-1, U.S. Department of Commerce, Boulder, CO, 1973, and 1982 Supplement.
    3. National Research Council. 1986. The October 1985 Landslide at Barrio Mameyes, Ponce, Puerto Rico. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/18920.
    4. Treaster and Times, “Puerto Rico Cites Peril of Shantytowns.” https://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/11/us/puerto-rico-cites-peril-of-shantyt...
    5. Periódico El Nuevo Día. (2016, December 30). 30 años del fuego en el Dupont Plaza. Recovered on August 8 2018. https://www.elnuevodia.com/noticias/locales/timeline/28anosdelfuegoenhot...
    6. Periódico El País. (1987, January 2nd).Más de 100 muertos al incendiarse un lujoso hotel en Puerto Rico en la Nochevieja. Recovered on August 7 2018 from https://elpais.com/diario/1987/01/02/internacional/536540412_850215.html
    7. Puerto Rico Climate Change Council (PRCCC) Working Group 1. 2013. Geophysical and Chemical Scientific Knowledge. WG1, 21 – 84. In Puerto Rico’s State of the Climate 2010-2013: Assessing Puerto Rico’s Social- Ecological Vulnerabilities in a Changing Climate. Eds. Jacobs, K.R., A. Terando, E. Diaz. Puerto Rico Coastal Zone Management Program, Department of Natural and Environmental Resources, NOAA Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management. San Juan, PR. pg 29
    8. Herrera, Dimitris, and Toby Ault. “Insights from a New High-Resolution Drought Atlas for the Caribbean Spanning 1950–2016.” Journal of Climate 30, no. 19 (June 30, 2017): 7801–25. https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0838.1.
    9. https://phys.org/news/2015-06-parched-caribbean-widespread-drought-short...
    10. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/08/puerto-rico-death-t...

A SAFER SITE

BUILDING PROTECTION

PASSIVE HABITABILITY

ENERGY GENERATION + BACKUP

WATER MANAGEMENT + STORAGE

HOUSEHOLD EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT: PREPARE FOR ACTION TOGETHER

PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER

242
Thank You

Thank You

Thank you to all of the following partners who shared their photos with us to make this book so vibrant. Especially all of our community partners who provided us with photos capturing the spirit of their efforts:

The entire team at Tsang Seymour who worked with all of our photos—high resolution, low resolution, no resolution—and turned them into a fantastic book

Adalberto Martinez

Chris Balas, Heart 911 and the entire Heart 911 team on the ground in Orocovis fixing homes, training workforce and rebuilding lives.

Stuart Adams on behalf of FEMA

Pablo Marvel, Jonathan Marvel, Scott Lahn and Diana Serrano at Resilient Power Puerto Rico

Tamara Elena Pérez

Maria Nieves who graciously provided us with a tour of La Perla’s Community Garden

Evelyn Huerta

Yanel de Ángel

Larisa Oviles

NYC Office of Emergency Management

FEMA Photo and Media Library

The Creative Commons platform and the dozens of photographers who provided open source material for this guide for more information: https://creativecommons.org/

Published by Community Enterprises, Inc.

First edition 2019 © 2019 Enterprise Community Partners, Inc. All rights reserved

Unless otherwise noted, all charts and diagrams are © 2019 Enterprise Community Partners, Inc. All rights reserved

Curated and Produced by Laurie Schoeman

Edited by OGMA San Juan, Puerto Rico

Designed by Patrick Seymour with Eric Turner, @TsangSeymour

Printed by Go Print

This book is typeset in Trade Gothic

Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication data available from the publisher. All rights reserved

Printed in San Juan, Puerto Rico 

The blue squares that dot this photo are blue tarps installed to provide households that lost their roof from Hurricane Maria, with a temporary roof while households await future assistance. They are referred to as ‘Toldos’. 

 

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